Temporomandibular arthritis, also called temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis, is an inflammatory disease of the temporomandibular joint, which connects the skull (temporal bone) to the mandible (mandible). This form of arthritis can affect jaw joint function and overall quality of life.
Causes:
Temporomandibular arthritis can have a variety of causes, including autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or gout. It can also be caused by injury, infection, overuse or age-related wear and tear.
Symptoms:
Typical symptoms of TMJ arthritis include pain and stiffness in the jaw joint, which can worsen with movements such as chewing or speaking. Other symptoms may include a cracking or grinding sensation in the joint, swelling in the facial area and limited jaw mobility. In some cases, arthritis can also cause headaches and earaches.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis is made through a thorough examination of the jaw joint, often supplemented by imaging techniques such as X-rays, digital volume tomography (DVT), computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the condition of the joint.
Treatment:
Treatment for TMJ depends on the cause and severity of the condition. It may include anti-inflammatory medications, painkillers, physical therapy exercises, hot or cold applications, and sometimes adjustments to dietary habits. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair the joint.
Treatment aims to relieve pain, improve temporomandibular joint function, and prevent further damage to the joint. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid long-term impairment of the temporomandibular joint.
